Abstract: The field of healthcare is in a state of constant evolution, driven by the incorporation of novel digital technologies. Computer vision (CV) and artificial intelligence (AI) are emerging as key players in transforming patient care. This chapter explores recent developments in AI and CV in healthcare, investigating their potential to enhance surgical procedures, increase accuracy and safety, and enable real-time patient data and proactive interventions. One significant benefit of AI and CV in healthcare is their ability to improve surgical procedures. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can analyze medical imaging to give surgeons an all-inclusive understanding of the patient's anatomy, ensuring accurate surgeries and minimizing the risk of errors and complications. Moreover, AI and CV aid in pre-operative planning, providing surgeons with a detailed roadmap of the procedure, reducing the need for exploratory surgery, and facilitating faster recovery times for patients. Integrating AI and CV in healthcare systems also enables real-time patient data and proactive interventions. AI can collect and analyze vast patient data, providing physicians with actionable insights to deliver personalized care. AI can predict patient outcomes, alert physicians of potential complications, and recommend personalized treatment plans, improving patient outcomes and reducing hospital readmissions. Despite the benefits of AI and CV in healthcare, some significant challenges and limitations must be addressed. The ethical use of AI and CV is a significant concern, ensuring patient privacy and autonomy are protected. In addition, challenges such as potential biases in AI algorithms, limited collaboration between medical professionals and data scientists, and resistance from medical professionals and patients must be addressed. Despite these challenges, AI and CV hold immense potential to revolutionize patient care and make healthcare more efficient, practical, and accessible. Future trends in AI and CV in healthcare include integrating wearable devices, telemedicine, and virtual reality technologies to enhance patient care and improve the patient experience. As briefly highlighted, AI and CV have great promise for the future of healthcare, and their continued development and adoption have the potential to transform patient care and improve health outcomes.